Improvement in breech-loading and magazine fire-arms



N0. 36,760. PATENTE!) Nov. 27, 1860.

J. s. mamma. BPQIEGH LOADING AND MAGAZINE PIRBARM.

2 SHEBTS-SHEET 1 A N0. 30,760. PATENTED NOV. 27, 1860.

J. s. RBBDBIL BRBBG'H LOADING AND MAGAZINE PIBBARM.

' I. z snmiTs-SHBET 2.

Witnesses: inventor:

/M/W 5? M UNITED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

JOSEPH S. REEDER, OF CANTONFOHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN B'REECH-LOADING AND MAGAZINE FIRE-ARMS.

Specification forming part ofvLetters Patent No." 30, 760.', datedNovember 27, 1860.'

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jos. S. REEDER, of Canton, in the county of Starkand St-ate of Ohio, have invented certain -newand useful Improvements inFire-Arms5'a11d I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my" Agun in full position forfiring. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the Center in positionas above. Fig.3 is a central longitudinal section, showing the chamber ciu the act of receiving the charge of powder from thecharger K, and theball inthe act of being pushed into the barrel by piston r. Fig. 4 is aside View of the gun with'the right side plate removed, showing inprojection a key, j, the chambered breech J, and the means through whichthe charger K is actuated. Fig. 5 shows portions ofthe lock in positionto tire. Fig. 6 is a detached view ot' the back-end of the barrel,showing position of cut-off. Fig. 7 is a detached View of the front ofbreech J. Fig.8 is a' detached view of the top of breech J. Fig. t)v isa detached viewl of the back end of breech J. Figs. l0 and ll show thekeys,

hereinafter to be mentioned.

Similar letters of reference represent like parts in each of the severalfigures.;

. To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention,Iwill proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A is the stock of the gun; B, the side plate;

C, the barrel; D, the powder-magazine, E, the magazine for ball or shot,F, the trigger, G, the trigger-protector; H, the lever actuated by thetrigger-protector; l1l the hand-guarda part of the trigger-protector,which 'can be taken oi' from the main -portion thereof and used as ascrew-driver. A slot in' the end of the guard allows a pin to beinserted at b, which when turned around serves to clasp the guard andhold them rmly together. The other end is then slipped under the springb', and it is in position as shown.

The protector is held up against the stock of the gun by means of aspring, m, pressing against a catch, g, as shown. e

J is the chambered breech. jj are keys secured to the inside of eachside plate, as shown atj/Y, the side plates bein g slotted for thepurpose of wedging the breech close against the back end` of the barrel.a is the vibrating cutoff, revolving'iu a groove cut in the end ofthebarrel actuated by a projection on the front end of Jtheohamberedbreech titting'into the recess between the lugs a e of thecut-o'to keepthe balls in the magazine from dropping` out when the breech is lowered,which is al'ways done in loading.

b is a plate, slotted as shown, to regulate the depth of the chamber eto suit either long or short balls, or to regulate the charge of shot.When a longer orl minie ball is used, or a larger charge of shot, theslotted part of the plate is turned, as is shown in Fig. 8, to allow thewing r of the piston r to slide up to the headotthe screw... `...Yifhensmalleror roundballs are used, or small charge of shot, the plate b willbe turned so as to allow it to present itsv periphery to the pressure ofthe wing -r of the piston r. The charge of powder is regulated by thescrewing in or'out of the nipple n, according to thegreater or lessquantity of pow- -der desired.

The operation is as follows: On lowering the trigger-protector G, hinged'at g and held in position by spring-catch g', the chambered breechJ-which has. projections j j on Vits sides, and which projections ji',acted on by thev y keys orwedges jj, screwed to the side plates ofthegun, (one of which is seen at j,) serveD allowed to tly forward andforce the hammer 6 against the piston r, which drivesl the ball,

now in the chamber e, and which chamber is now opposite the barrel, intosaid barrel, as

.shown iu Fig. '3. The lever H is attached to and actuated by thetrigger-protector G through the means ot' a projecting plate, h',

into which the screw h is inserted. Whenv the trigger-protector is drawndown in the act of loading, the screw h will slide in the slot in thelever H (which lever has its center at hm) and turn that lever until thenotch s in said lever comes opposite the notch in the catch s, which hasbeen thrown off by the pulling of the trigger in firing the gun. Thereverse movement oi' the tri gger-protector brin gs the catch s, andthrough it the ot-her portions of thelock, back into position for iring. The coming forward of the hammer 6 brings the catch s, which ispivoted to lever 5 at s and held down by a spring, as in Fig. V5,forward into its place in the notch s in the rear end of the lever H,out of which it has been pushed by the lever 2. On reversing themovement of the trigger-protector, the catch having, as beforementioned, fallen into its position, the hammer and all the partsvwillbe again brought into position for striking the cap, as in Fig. 5.

In the meantime the action on the vibrating charger K is going on, andis as follows: The rightside projection j of the chambered breech J isprovided with a slot or groove, 7, in which works the end S of a lever,8, pivoted at 9 to the barrel of the gun, while lever 10 is attached tolever 8 at 8", and at l0 to a plate, 11', which plate is attached to thesideof the rack 11 and actuates thccog-wheel l2, fastened to thevibrating charger, both revolving on a common journal, w.

The rack 11, being actuated as above shown and described, would by thelowering of the trigger-protector cha-nge the position of the chargerand bring it around to where the chamber c of the movable breech is inwaiting for the charge of powder. rlhe reversion of these movementswould bring the parts around again in position.

When the charger leaves theJmagazine D, loaded, the apertures in theends of the charger and magazine are severally covered by platesactuated by springs-the charger by plate 7c, which covers it on its wayto its chamber, c, and there is held, as shown in Fig. 3, until itsreturn. The plate k", while the charger is being filled, is pushed upinto a space 'ont for its reception in the barrel, and as soon as thecharger has left the magazine it springs back and covers the end of themaga-zine D, as in Fig. 3. The magazine E, for balls, is made insections c", as shown, in order that should any part become injured itmay more readily be repaired.v

A pawl, t, attached to a spring, a', on the protector, on coming up ismade to pass around a rigid pin, 0, and will push one cap on the primerz up in front of the nipple, as seen in Fig. 2.

The axes of motion of the hook 0 and levers 5 and H are the same, thelatter turning loosely upon the journal, and the`two former rigidlysecured thereto.

rlhe power ofthe spring N may be adjusted by means ot' hinged piece Rand screw R', acting on auxiliary spring N', as in Fig. 2.

The piece is now ready for firing, which is done1by pulling thetrigger'F, so as to raise up the rear end, f' of the springcatch s, thuslifting the latter out of the notch s', 'when lever 5 and hammer 6 arethrown suddenly forward by the combined action of spring N, hook O, andlink P.

The muzzles of the magazines l) and E arc covered by Stoppers d and e',fastened to screw-plate y, which is screwed on a thread cut on the endof barrel C, as shown in Fig. 2i

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent.,is-

1. Broadly, the vibrating charger K, for the purpose of carrying powderto the chambered breech J.

2. The cut-ois k and k', or their equivalents,

for the purpose of retninin g the' powder in thel vibrating charger undin the magazine while the powder is being carried to the chamberedbreech.

3. The combination of pinion l2 and rack 1l with levers 10 and 8, fortransmitting motion t the vibrating charger K, for the purpose stated.

4. rlhe magazine D, in combination with the vibrating charger K, for thepurpose stated.

5. Plate b, in combination with piston fr, as and for the purposesst-ated.- y

6. The combination of hammer 6 with'cliambered breech J, as and for thepurposes stated.

7. The combination of chambered breech J with barrel C and vibratingcharger K, as and for the purposes described. l

8. The vibrating cut-ott @,or its equivalent, in combination withchambered breech J and ball-magazineE, as and for the purposes stated.9. The combination ot' lever 2, projection 2',

guard with the triggerprotector G, as stated...

In witness whereof I hereuntofsubscribe my name.

J. s. REEDER;

In presence of- IMPERTUs MARTIN, DANIEL Go'rsnALL.

